From the beginning of the last Century many of the medical advancements were due in part to the development of the gastroscope, which produced modern endoscopy. A.The inability to examine the human body internally prevented early diagnoses and treatment.B.Without an instrument to see inside the body, physicians were limited to primitive surgeries.a.An exploratory surgery could be more life threatening than the ailment. b.(Autopsy) In order to examine the body the victim had to be dead.C.The importance of endoscopy is to examine the body, with precision, accuracy, and with minimal bodily harm. II. German physician, Kussmaul Bonzzini developed the first gastroscope in 1805 (Lichleiter). A.This creation was limited to looking inside the stomach cavity.B.It was made of a straight, rigid, metal tube, and was illuminated by a candle.C.The general application of the rigid gastroscope was restricted to the stomach (colon) and esophagus due…a.to patient discomfort and risk, b.It was not very bright. c.The focus ability was poor.D. These Gastroscopes were first tested on sword-swallowers. a.(Legend) One sword-swallower upon seeing the bulky instrument proclaimed ", I’ll swallow a sword anytime, but I'll be damned if I swallow a trumpet."E.William Hill, a London Physician added a miniature light bulb to Bonzzini gastroscope in 1912. (This followed Edison’s invention of the light bulb. Edison invented the first incandescent bulb October 21,1879 a high-voltage carbon-filament lamp) III. In the late 1930s, Schiendler invented the a semiflexible gastroscope. A.The semiflexible gastroscope consisted of a steel tube with a flexible tip that permitted it to flex 30 degrees to assist intubation to permit visual images of tangential lesions. (Intubation- the process of putting an endoscope in a body)B.The disadvantages of the semiflexible gastroscope were…a.patient discomfort from neck hypertension during intubation from t...
