Both Japan and Europe were politically similar for many reasons: Each strove to maintain a centralized government. For Japan the leader was to be called an emperor or empress who could only be a part of the royal family if they were related to the Shinto sun goddess. As for Europe, the leader was to be called a king or a queen. Like Japan, not just anybody could become royalty. Kings and queens came from a long descent of an Imperial family. Tradition was that the first born son of the king would become the next ruler following the kings death. However, if no legitimate son were born then the daughter would become queen. In Europe, the royal family and institution was usually called the Monarchy. Usually in both Japan and throughout Europe communism was a result of the selfish rulers who monopolized businesses and standardized the feudal system, which restricted the poor from ever becoming wealthy.Both Japan and Europe needed to laws for their citizens to maintain order:Japan attempted to implement China's criminal and civil codes system named ritsuryo as a means to centralized government control. As a means of maintaining order the country was divided into provinces, which were run by governors who were usually called warrior-land-owners or samurai's, appointed by the central government, and further into districts, and villages. Toward the end of the ninth century, Japan's civilization began to take on its own special characteristics and forms, which was important as Japan had always adopted Chinese institutions. Europe had made its laws based on the Code of Hammurabi, which were the first laws ever codified. To make ruling the European countries easier each country divided the countries into city-states, which each had appointed governors. The governors and nights of the Monarchy became a class of their own called the nobility almost at the top of the feudal chart.In both Japan and Europe the elegance of the royal courts has never b...
