Artificial Intelligence is a broad topic, consisting of different fields, from machine vision to expert systems. Nowadays with the use of high level techniques, computers have been programmed to solve many difficult problems, but the products that are available today are only a sample of what is coming in the future. AI has an interesting history and has always been on the pioneering end of computer science. In order to classify machines as "thinking", it is necessary to explain intelligence. What is intelligence exactly? How do you get intelligent? All these questions are still unanswered and all of them have helped to create both problems and solutions that found the heart of modern AI. Instead of building a theory of intelligence, there are a great variety of theories, such as the psychological, the cognitive theories and other theories. All these theories are reaching to the conclusion, that intelligence is composed from various mental power and abilities.Psychologists assume that intelligence is based on adaptation, adjustment of self and behavior. Therefore it is important to understand the determinant factors of a complicated problem or a complex situation. The cognitive theory is focused on mental representations of information, such as images, ideas or symbols and on processes to operate with these signs. It considers an intelligent being as a kind of information-processing system. If we assume that a machine has the same components which mirror a human body, it could theoretically be possible that this machine thinks. From this point of view a digital computer could be described as an instantiation of a computer program and all humans are nothing more than instantiations of computer programs and they are able to think!Even if we are unable to imitate mental processes, it is possible for AI to reproduce the information processing, like a human brain does. Computers could be programmed in the same way as the ...
