In recent years, the debate over the merits versus the racial shortcomings of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness has raged hot. Many, notably David Denby and Chinua Achebe, have come down on one side or another of the issue. I contend, with the help of the written opinions of Denby and Achebe, that Heart of Darkness, while racist in its views, is nonetheless a valuable and commendable work of art. In 1975, celebrated Nigerian author Chinua Achebe (Things Fall Apart, 1958) gave a lecture at the University of Massachusetts condemning Heart of Darkness as “an offensive and totally deplorable” book that should not be considered a work of art. He believes that it has contributed to Western discrimination against Africa and Africans. In his words, “The question is whether a novel which celebrates this dehumanization, which depersonalizes a portion of the human race, can be called a great work of art. My answer is: No, it cannot.” He then went on to discuss the Western tendency toward a reflexive discrimination against Africa. His speech ended with a challenge to his listeners to fight against the unthinking racism of the West against Africans.David Denby’s “Jungle Fever” is an article written in response to Achebe’s speech. It disputes Achebe’s assertion that Heart of Darkness is without literary value because of its racist background. The article is an account of a discussion about Heart of Darkness that took place over the course of two days in a class at Columbia College. In between episodes it disputes Achebe’s conclusion. Denby is of the opinion that the book is a scathing attack on imperialism and cannot be condemned as evil and worthless. It makes significant contributions to literature and to the intellectual environment of its time, and is therefore a worthwhile work. The fact that Conrad appeared to share the prevailing opinion at the time about the hum...
