Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was the founder of psychoanalysis and the theory that adult personality is formed in early childhood. He separated the individual personality in the following three components:1.The id (ichideal), which is the unconscious drive of humans, which is not affected by culture and social learning. It determines the natural, primitve human.2.The ego can be determined as the unique and individual self of an individual personality. According to Freud it is the result of the individual’s effort to adapt to society and culture.3.The superego, which is consisting of the internalized social norms and conscience, acts as a mediator between the other two components.According to Webster’s 3rd edition, management includes the component science, which is defined as “systemized knowledge, derived from observation, study and experimentation”. In other words it is necessary for a manager to examine and analyse the organizational surrounding and to revert to earlier consolidated findings in order to respond on individual situations in a successful manner. Freud studied the reasons, which lead to the varying development of individual personalities and laid therewith the basic approach for analysing disturbing factors in interpersonal communication. A manager who understands the basics of Freud’s concept can utilize it in order to analyse the individuals he collaborates with. He might find positive or negative interrelations among his co-workers, which he can manipulate to force a better final result. He acts as the mediator, or according to Freud as the superego, to combine the organizational goals with those of the employees. Edgar H. Schein adapts Freud’s theory in his book ‘Organizational Culture and Leadership’ as follows: “As Freud pointed out long ago, one of the models we bring to any new group situation is our own family model (…). Thus, the rules that we learned f...
